What term refers to a claim against property?

The term that refers to a claim against property is a lien. A lien is a legal right or interest that a lender has in the borrower's property, granted until the debt obligation is satisfied. This means that if a property owner fails to pay a debt, the creditor may have the ability to enforce the lien, potentially allowing them to claim the property to recover what is owed. It's an important concept in property law and finance, as it establishes a secured interest in the property for the benefit of the lender.

In the context of the other terms, a mortgage is a specific type of lien that involves real estate, where the borrower agrees to give the lender a security interest in the property as collateral for a loan. Title refers to a legal document proving ownership of property, while liability refers to a person's legal responsibility for their actions or debts, not specifically tied to property claims. Thus, while related concepts may exist, a lien specifically denotes a claim against property, making it the correct answer.